irs of the Russian Federation granted the applicant leave to stay in Russia. His leave to stay was subsequently renewed by the Ministry on a yearly basis through invitations issued by the registered religious organisation of the Unification Church in Moscow and an associated social organisation in St Petersburg, the Family Federation for World Peace and Unification (FFWPU).
10. The applicant lived primarily in Rostov-on-Don in southern Russia, where he worked with local branches of the FFWPU and the Youth Federation for World Peace (YFWP). He explains that, while the Unification Church, the FFWPU and the YFWP and other associations operating in Russia maintain legal independence from one another, they cooperate with one another in pursuit of similar goals. According to the applicant, these organisations acknowledge their origin in the Unification Movement founded by Rev. Moon; their different titles and legal forms reflect the specific focus of their activities and the fact that the social organisations are open to members of other faiths.
11. On 21 May 1999 the FFWPU established a local organisation in Rostov. Since the applicant's host organisation in Russia was responsible for processing his residence registration with the police during the term of his stay, this was subsequently arranged through the Rostov FFWPU.
12. On 10 January 2000 the acting President of the Russian Federation amended, by Decree No. 24, the Concept of National Security of the Russian Federation, adopted in 1997. The relevant paragraph of Chapter IV, "Ensuring the National Security of the Russian Federation", was amended to read:
"Ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation also includes the protection of its... spiritual and moral heritage... the forming of a State policy in the field of spiritual and moral education of the population... and also includes opposing the negative influence of foreign religious organisations and missionaries..."
13. On 25 July 2000 the Promyshlenniy District Court of Stavropol, on an application by the acting Stavropol regional prosecutor, decided to dissolve the Stavropol regional branch of the FFWPU and ban its activities "irrespective of State registration" on the ground that it was "engaged in religious activities under the guise of a registered social organisation". On 25 October 2000 the Stavropol Regional Court upheld the judgment of 25 July 2000.
14. On 3 August 2000 the Rossiyskaya Gazeta newspaper ran an article on the Unification Church's activities in southern Russia which - according to the applicant - described in general terms the grounds subsequently endorsed by the Federal Security Service in favour of his expulsion. It was entitled "Caramels from Moon will drive to debility" ("Гуцулочки" от Муна до маразма доведут"):
"The prosecutor's office of the Stavropol Region has banned the activity of social organisations under the protection of which the Korean Moon... was buying souls for USD 500 a piece.
Once there were two public organisations registered by the Stavropol Department of Justice: the Youth Federation for World Peace (YFWP) and the Family Federation for World Peace and Unification (FFWPU). As it turned out, these so-called public movements preach one of the most dangerous religions of the past century...
Outwardly inoffensive "pedlars" who sell or give away the "New Families" newspaper and cheap caramels lure young men and women into Moon's family... Young missionaries who were freely permitted to lecture to senior students at Stavropol schools introduced themselves as volunteers from the International Education Fund (IEF), [which is] one of Moon's many "parishes"...
The self-proclaimed lecturers had no documents authorising them to talk to students. To "sweeten" the lectures, they distributed caramels. Later, a panel of experts from the Stavropol clinic for bor
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