"КОНВЕНЦИЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ОБЪЕДИНЕННЫХ НАЦИЙ О МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ПЕРЕВОДНЫХ ВЕКСЕЛЯХ И МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ПРОСТЫХ ВЕКСЕЛЯХ" [рус., англ.] (Принята в г. Нью-Йорке 09.12.1988 Резолюцией 43/165 Генеральной Ассамблеи ООН)

r is the drawee, the guarantor engages:
(a) To pay the bill at maturity to the holder, or to any party who takes up and pays the bill;
(b) If the bill is payable at a definite time, upon dishonour by non-acceptance and upon any necessary protest, to pay it to the holder, or to any party who takes up and pays the bill.
3.- In respect of defences that are personal to himself, a guarantor may set up:
(a) Against a holder who is not a protected holder only those defences which he may set up under paragraphs 1, 3 and 4 of article 28;
(b) Against a protected holder only those defences which he may set up under paragraph 1 of article 30.
4.- In respect of defences that may be raised by the person for whom he has become a guarantor:
(a) A guarantor may set up against a holder who is not a protected holder only those defences which the person for whom he has become a guarantor may set up against such holder under paragraphs 1, 3 and 4 of article 28;
(b) A guarantor who expresses his guarantee by the words "guaranteed", "payment guaranteed" or "collection guaranteed", or words of similar import, may set up against a protected holder only those defences which the person for whom he has become a guarantor may set up against a protected holder under paragraph 1 of article 30;
(c) A guarantor who expresses his guarantee by the words "aval" or "good as aval" may set up against a protected holder only:
(i) The defence, under paragraph 1 (b) of article 30, that
the protected holder obtained the signature on the instrument
of the person for whom he has become a guarantor by a
fraudulent act;
(ii) The defence, under article 53 or article 57, that the
instrument was not presented for acceptance or for payment;
(iii) The defence, under article 63, that the instrument
was not duly protested for non-acceptance or for non-payment;
(iv) The defence, under article 84, that a right of action
may no longer be exercised against the person for whom he has
become guarantor;
(d) A guarantor who is not a bank or other financial institution and who expresses his guarantee by a signature alone may set up against a protected holder only the defences referred to in subparagraph (b) of this paragraph;
(e) A guarantor which is a bank or other financial institution and which expresses its guarantee by a signature alone may set up against a protected holder only the defences referred to in subparagraph (c) of this paragraph.

Article 48

1.- Payment of an instrument by the guarantor in accordance with article 72 discharges the party for whom he became guarantor of his liability on the instrument to the extent of the amount paid.
2.- The guarantor who pays the instrument may recover from the party for whom he has become guarantor and from the parties who are liable on it to that party the amount paid and any interest.

CHAPTER V - PRESENTMENT, DISHONOUR BY NON-ACCEPTANCE
OR NON-PAYMENT, AND RECOURSE

Section 1

PRESENTMENT FOR ACCEPTANCE AND DISHONOUR
BY NON-ACCEPTANCE

Article 49

1.- A bill may be presented for acceptance.
2.- A bill must be presented for acceptance:
(a) If the drawer has stipulated in the bill that it must be presented for acceptance;
(b) If the bill is payable at a fixed period after sight; or
(c) If the bill is payable elsewhere than at the residence or place of business of the drawee, unless it is payable on demand.

Article 50

1.- The drawer may stipulate in the bill that it must not be presented for acceptance



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