t appropriate that the default interest should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points.
FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT
1. Holds by six votes to one that there has been a violation of Article 6 of the Convention;
2. Holds by six votes to one that no separate issue arises under Article 4 of Protocol No. 7 to the Convention;
3. Holds unanimously
(a) that the respondent State is to pay the applicant, within three months from the date on which the judgment becomes final in accordance with Article 44 § 2 of the Convention, EUR 2,000 (two thousand euros) in respect of non-pecuniary damage, to be converted into the national currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement, plus any tax that may be chargeable on that amount;
(b) that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amount at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points;
4. Dismisses unanimously the remainder of the applicant's claim for just satisfaction.
Done in English, and notified in writing on 29 January 2009, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court.
Peer LORENZEN
President
Claudia WESTERDIEK
Registrar
In accordance with Article 45 § 2 of the Convention and Rule 74 § 2 of the Rules of Court, the dissenting opinion of Judge Kalaydjieva is annexed to this judgment.
P.L.
C.W.
DISSENTING OPINION OF JUDGE KALAYDJIEVA
In the present case the majority found a violation of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention and agreed that the applicant's complaints under Article 4 of Protocol No. 7 raised no separate issue. I fail to subscribe to this opinion for the following reasons.
In my view the facts of the case clearly disclose a duplication of finalised criminal proceedings which resulted in a new punishment contrary to the ne bis in idem principle. There is no dispute that the accusations against the applicant were determined by a final and enforceable decision of the courts and that the subsequent review of that decision and the resulting new set of proceedings were not a part of the regular appeal procedure.
In such circumstances the Court should determine the compatibility of those proceedings with Article 4 of Protocol No. 7 before proceeding to consider their fairness or their compliance with the principle of legal certainty envisaged under Article 6 of the Convention. In my view this distinction is important because of the different effect of the two provisions on the situation of the person concerned. Where a retrial is prohibited per se, its outcome cannot be seen as compatible with the Convention.
In the instant case both the request and the decision to perform a new trial were based exclusively on the dissatisfaction of the prosecution authorities and the supervising court with the leniency of the final penalty. No new facts or fundamental defects of the regular proceedings were adduced. This situation is clearly distinguishable from the one considered in the earlier cases of Nikitin <*>, Bratyakin <**>, and others. Before considering the supervisory review proceedings in those cases under Article 6 § 1 of the Convention, the Court first looked at their compatibility with the ne bis in idem principle enshrined in Article 4 of Protocol No. 7 and distinguished whether they amounted to a retrial - prohibited by the first paragraph - or to a reopening, justified in exceptional circumstances under the second paragraph. Based on the specific facts in those c
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